CLASS 7 WORK MATHEMATICS
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Definition of Noun
A word used to show the name of person,thing, quality, idea or state is called noun.
e.g.
- Jacob is a good athlete. (Name of person)
- Nepal is a beautiful place. (Name of place)
- I have got a glass bottle. (Name of thing)
- Lovers like silence. (Name of quality)
- Death is inevitable. (Name of state)
Noun Chart For Class 7 or Types of Noun
Proper Noun
The name given to a particular person, place or thing.
Or
The name given to a noun which is one of a kind or unique in its own.
e.g.
- Vikramaditya was a just king. (Proper Noun)
- Rajasthan is a sandy area. (Proper Noun)
Common Noun
The name given, to the nouns of a same class is common noun.
e.g.
- Boys are hardworking. (Common Noun)
- Lions will never eat grass. (Common Noun)
Exception
Sometimes proper nouns are used as common nouns when they represent the quality they possess. In such a case we use ‘the’ before the proper noun,
e.g.
- Rahul is the Sachin of our school.
- Vidya is the Rekha of the club.
Proper noun as common noun
This means Rahul is‘a very good cricketer’, like Sachin.
Proper noun as common noun
This means Vidya is ‘like the heroine Rekha’. Hence, here the proper nouns take article ‘the’.
Material Noun
Names given to the things which we cannot but can weigh or measure are material nouns.
Or
Material objects are not the things in themselves but are used to produce new things from them.
e.g.
- Gold is a costly metal. (Material Noun)
- Door is made up of plastic. (Material Noun)
Collective Noun
Noun that refers to a group, collection or gathering is called collective noun.
e.g.
- The class seems to be noisy. (Collective Noun)
- A bunch of flowers is beautiful. (Collective Noun)
Abstract Noun
Noun that is used for the action, state, quality is called abstract noun.
e.g.
- Hunger made the farmer weary. (Abstract Noun)
- Youth are’the future of the country (Abstract Noun)
Nouns can further be classified as
(i) Countable Nouns
Nouns which can be counted are countable nouns,
e.g.
- Eggs are sold Rs. 60 a dozen.
- Five new girls are admitted.
Underlined words are examples of countable nouns.
(ii) Uncountable Noun
Nouns which can’t be counted are uncountable nouns.
e.g.
- Milk is useful for everyone.
- Bread is given to the patients.
Noun : Number
Number is that grammatical entity that tells us about the fact if the noun is just one or more than one.
Types of Number
(i) Singular
If the noun is just one in number, it is singular, e.g. cow, boy, place, radio etc.
(ii) Plural
If the noun is more than one, it is plural, e.g. cows, boys, places, radios etc.
Rules for Changing the Singular into Plural
Rule 1
Nouns that end with a consonant are made plural by adding ‘-s’ to the singular.
Parrot – Parrots
Egg – Eggs
Boat – Boats
Actor – Actors
Cook – Cooks
Hat – Hats
Rule 2
Nouns that end with -s, -ss, -ch pluralised by adding ‘-es’.
Bus – Buses
Glass – Glasses
Bench – Benches
Bush – Bushes
Quiz – Quizzes
Tax – Taxes
Exception
Stomach – Stomachs
Monarch – Monarchs
Rule 3
Nouns that end with -o and there is a consonant before -o then plural is made by adding ‘-es’.
Tomato – Tomatoes
Mosquito – Mosquitoes
Mango – Mangoes
Hero – Heroes
Exception
Photo – Photos
Zero – Zeros
Rule 4
Nouns that end with -y and there is a consonant before -y, then plural is made by changing ‘y’ to ‘i’ and adding ‘-es’.
Fly – Flies
Story – Stories
Baby – Babies
Family – Families
Copy – Copies
Library – Libraries
Rule 5
Nouns that end with -y and there is a vowel before -y, then plural is made by adding ‘-s’.
Boy – Boys
Day – Days
Key – Keys
Way – Ways
Toy – Toys
Essay – Essays
Rule 6
Nouns that end with double vowel are pluralised by adding ‘-s’.
Tree – Trees
Bee – Bees
Zoo – Zoos
Radio – Radios
Portfolio – Portfolios
Bamboo – Bamboos
Exception
Roof Roofs
Rule 7
Some nouns are pluralised by the change in their inside vowel.
Tooth – Teeth
Foot – Feet
Mouse – Mice
Man – Men
Rule 8
Nouns that end with -f or -fe pluralised by adding ‘-es’ after -f or -fe is changed to ‘-v’.
Knife – Knives
Thief – Thieves
Wife – Wives
Life – Lives
Chief – Chiefs
Proof – Proofs
Scarf – Scarfs/Scarves
Rule 9
Compound nouns are pluralised by adding ‘-s’ to the principal word.
Step-son – Step-sons
Brother-in-law – Brothers-in-law
Pea-cock Pea-cocks – Passer-by Passers-by
Exception
Man-servant – Men-servants
Lord-justice – Lord-justices
Rule 10
Nouns that end with ‘-man’ are made plural
changing ‘-man’ into ‘-men’.
Woman – Women
Postman – Postmen
Watchman – Watchmen
Chairman – Chairmen
Milkman – Milkmen
Fellowman – Fellowmen
Types of Gender
Noun : Gender
Gender of a noun denotes the difference they have in terms of their sex.
- Masculine Gender that denotes male sex.
e.g. Boy, Horse, Father - Feminine Gender that denotes female sex. e.g. Girl, Mare, Mother
- Common Gender that denotes either sex.
e.g. Doctor, Teacher, Child - Neuter Gender that denotes neuter things or non-living things.
e.g. Pen, Table, Glass
Rules for Changing Masculine into Feminine
Rule 1
Masculine can be changed into feminine by adding ‘-ess’.
Poet – Poetess
Lion – Lioness
Host – Hostess
Giant – Giantess
Exception
God – Goddess
Rule 2
In some nouns,- ending in ‘r’, after
Masculine can be changed into feminine by adding ‘-ess’ removing the ‘vowel’ before the last letter.
Tiger – Tigress
Monitor – Monitress
Masculine can be changed into the feminine by using a completely different word.
Actor – Actress
Editor – Editress
Rule 3
King – Queen
Hero – Heroine
Uncle – Aunt
Husband – Wife
Rule 4
Feminine of the compound nouns are made by changing the masculine word of the compound noun that comes to the front.
She-bear – He-bear
Cow-calf – Bull-calf
She-goat – He-goat
Daughter-in-law – Son-in-law
Rule 5
Feminine of some masculine are made by removing the last vowel and consonant and then by adding ‘-ess’.
Governor – Governess
Murderer – Murderess
Exception
Duke – Duke
Rule 6
Compound nouns change their gender by changing masculine word into feminine coming later.
Headmaster – Headmistress
Grandfather – Grandmother
Milkman – Milkmaid
Peacock – Peahen
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